# Security - Using RustiQ IOT

Using RustiQ Iot stack, security relies on the standard IoT device architecture, implementing a layered security approach that aligns with industry best practices:


## Security Organization

| Layer | Stakeholder | Security Responsibilities | Implementation Details |
|-------|-------------|--------------------------|----------------------|
| **Hardware** | PCB Designer / Manufacturer | - Hardware Root of Trust<br>- Secure Storage<br>- Cryptographic Hardware<br>- Physical Security | - Secure Elements<br>- TPM Integration<br>- Secure Boot ROM<br>- Hardware Crypto Engines<br>- Anti-tampering Measures |
| **BSP** | BSP Provider | - Secure Boot Chain<br>- Hardened Linux OS<br>- System Encryption<br>- Boot Loader Security | - Verified Boot Process<br>- SELinux/AppArmor<br>- Disk Encryption<br>- Secure Bootloader<br>- Kernel Hardening |
| **Application** | RustiQ IOT | - Process Isolation<br>- Authentication<br>- Communication Encryption<br>- Access Control<br>- Secure Updates | - Service Sandboxing<br>- TLS/SSL Implementation<br>- Role-Based Access<br>- Secure API<br>- OTA Update Security |

### Layer Interactions

```{mermaid}
graph TB
    subgraph "Hardware Layer"
        HSM[Hardware Security Module]
        SecureBoot[Secure Boot ROM]
        CryptoEngine[Crypto Engine]
    end

    subgraph "BSP Layer"
        Bootloader[Secure Bootloader]
        Kernel[Hardened Kernel]
        SystemEnc[System Encryption]
    end

    subgraph "Application Layer"
        ProcessIsolation[Process Isolation]
        Auth[Authentication]
        TLS[TLS/SSL]
        Updates[Secure Updates]
    end

    %% Hardware to BSP
    HSM -->|Hardware Root of Trust| Bootloader
    SecureBoot -->|Verified Boot| Bootloader
    CryptoEngine -->|Hardware Crypto| SystemEnc

    %% BSP to Application
    Bootloader -->|Secure Chain| Kernel
    Kernel -->|System Security| ProcessIsolation
    SystemEnc -->|Data Protection| TLS

    %% Styling
    classDef hardware fill:#ff9999,stroke:#ff0000,stroke-width:2px
    classDef bsp fill:#99ff99,stroke:#00ff00,stroke-width:2px
    classDef app fill:#9999ff,stroke:#0000ff,stroke-width:2px

    class HSM,SecureBoot,CryptoEngine hardware
    class Bootloader,Kernel,SystemEnc bsp
    class ProcessIsolation,Auth,TLS,Updates app
```

### Security Chain of Trust

1. **Hardware Level**
   - Provides the foundation of trust
   - Implements physical security measures
   - Enables secure cryptographic operations
   - Manages secure storage

2. **BSP Level**
   - Builds on hardware security
   - Implements secure boot chain
   - Provides hardened operating system
   - Manages system-level encryption

3. **Application Level**
   - Implements process isolation
   - Manages authentication and authorization
   - Handles secure communications
   - Controls access to system resources

## Security Layers

### 1. Board Support Package (BSP) Security
- Hardware Root of Trust
- Secure Boot implementation
- Hardware Security Module (when available)
- Secure storage for credentials
- Hardware-based cryptographic operations

### 2. Operating System Security
- Linux security features (SELinux, AppArmor)
- Process isolation
- File system security
- Network security (firewall, packet filtering)
- System hardening

### 3. Application Security
- Secure communication (TLS/SSL)
- Authentication and Authorization
- Secure update mechanism
- Process supervision and monitoring
- Secure API endpoints

## Security Implementation

```{mermaid}
graph TB
    subgraph "BSP Security Layer"
        SecureBoot[Secure Boot]
        HSM[Hardware Security]
        Crypto[Crypto Engine]
        SecureStorage[Secure Storage]
    end

    subgraph "OS Security Layer"
        SELinux[SELinux/AppArmor]
        ProcessIsolation[Process Isolation]
        FileSystem[File System Security]
        NetworkSec[Network Security]
    end

    subgraph "Application Security Layer"
        TLS[TLS/SSL]
        Auth[Authentication]
        Updates[Secure Updates]
        API[Secure API]
        Supervisor[Process Supervisor]
    end

    %% BSP to OS connections
    SecureBoot -->|Verified Boot| SELinux
    HSM -->|Hardware Security| ProcessIsolation
    Crypto -->|Cryptographic Operations| TLS
    SecureStorage -->|Credential Storage| Auth

    %% OS to Application connections
    SELinux -->|Access Control| API
    ProcessIsolation -->|Isolation| Supervisor
    FileSystem -->|Secure Storage| Updates
    NetworkSec -->|Network Protection| TLS

    %% Styling
    classDef bsp fill:#ff9999,stroke:#ff0000,stroke-width:2px
    classDef os fill:#99ff99,stroke:#00ff00,stroke-width:2px
    classDef app fill:#9999ff,stroke:#0000ff,stroke-width:2px

    class SecureBoot,HSM,Crypto,SecureStorage bsp
    class SELinux,ProcessIsolation,FileSystem,NetworkSec os
    class TLS,Auth,Updates,API,Supervisor app
```

## Security Features

### BSP Level
- Secure boot chain verification
- Hardware-based cryptographic operations
- Secure storage for sensitive data
- Hardware security module integration
- Trusted Platform Module (TPM) support

### OS Level
- Mandatory Access Control (MAC)
- Process isolation and sandboxing
- Secure file system permissions
- Network security policies
- System hardening measures

### Application Level
- TLS 1.3 for all communications
- Role-based access control
- Secure over-the-air updates
- Process supervision and monitoring
- Secure API with authentication
- Regular security audits

## Security Best Practices

1. **Regular Updates**
   - Secure update mechanism
   - Version control and rollback capability
   - Update verification and signing

2. **Access Control**
   - Role-based access control
   - Principle of least privilege
   - Secure authentication methods

3. **Monitoring and Logging**
   - Security event logging
   - System health monitoring
   - Anomaly detection

4. **Network Security**
   - Encrypted communications
   - Network isolation
   - Firewall rules
   - Secure protocols (MQTT over TLS, HTTPS)

5. **Data Protection**
   - Data encryption at rest
   - Secure data transmission
   - Secure storage practices